The Bizarre Bases of Antenna Towers
If you have ever wondered how radio towers and antenna masts are designed, then watch and learn from this on Practical Engineering [~18 min]…
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Prof. Dr. P. S. H. LeatherTechnology · IP · CommercializationTechnical knowledge library
Selected links and brief descriptions covering RF and microwave engineering, antennas, wireless systems, satellite communications, 5G and emerging 6G technologies. Originally curated for students of Radio Frequency and Microwave Systems at TH Rosenheim.
If you have ever wondered how radio towers and antenna masts are designed, then watch and learn from this on Practical Engineering [~18 min]…
The original announcement did not include a public external link.
Design of 5G mmWave Beamforming Systems From Microwave Journal April 29, 2025 Introduction 5G and 6G communication systems will employ mm-Wave frequencies. This has made the development of highly integrated antenna arrays and RF front ends a standard practice. Engineers need to integrate RF, electromagnetic analysis, and digital signal processing…
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Webinar: Der Weg in die Zukunft für satellitengestützte nicht-terrestrische Netze (NTN) Rohde & Schwarz Mit den jüngsten Entwicklungsergebnissen von 3GPP zur Festlegung der Standards für nicht-terrestrische Netze (NTN) steht der Vision überall erreichbarer Kommunikationsnetze, die auch Komponenten im Weltall und in der Luft umfassen, nichts mehr im Wege. Die technischen…
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INTREPID 500-12 5.0m ground station antenna system installed in Polo Tecnologico Alto Adriatico INTREPID 500-12 is the 5.0 metre diameter ground station antenna system developed for space communication and installed at Polo Tecnologico Alto Adriatico, the technology park located in Pordenone (Italy) that, since its foundation in 2002, has been…
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GX5 Antenna Installation by Peter Hadinger, CTO, Inmarsat 9 m Ka-band antenna installation at Burum in The Netherlands Video [2:19]…
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With over three thousand communication satellites in multiple orbits today, satellite communications are relied upon by millions of people around the world to deliver cellular, radio, television, broadband and military applications. by Inmarsat, Corporate Communications, 2023 Satellite communication is the transfer of information using artificial satellites that have been launched…
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Space explained: How do satellite orbits work? by Jerome Soumagne, VP Systems Engineering, Inmarsat While most of us understand the concept of ‘outer space’, many may be less clear about the different sections of Earth’s orbits. Differing altitudes can have profound impacts on how technology will work and the benefits…
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Link Budget Calculations for a Satellite Link with an Electronically Steerable Antenna Terminal Kymeta Corporation, 1st June 2019 When designing a telecommunications system, one of the first and most important steps is to calculate a link budget (also called a link analysis). The link budget is a theoretical calculation of…
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A Historical Note: Edwin H. Armstrong (1890–1954) Today, nobody doubts that FM has a key place in broadcasting and communication. As recently as the 1960s, however, the FM broadcasting seemed doomed because it was so uneconomical in bandwidth usage. The history of FM is full of strange ironies. The impetus…
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From 5G-Advanced to 6G: Bridge to the future by Matthew Baker, Nokia, 16th December 2023 Release 19, the last major release of 5G-Advanced, will both fine tune what’s possible with 5G-Advanced and start to build the foundations of a bridge for a smooth evolution to 6G. XR, network energy saving…
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Increasing SFDR in Software-Defined Radios by Paul Jackson, Microwaves & RF Magazine, April 26, 2021 Abstract The SDR is destined to become the receiver architecture of choice in most systems and the ADC, with its continually increasing sampling rates and instantaneous bandwidth, will be a key driver of its success…
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Overcoming Common Planar Phased Array Circuit Design Challenges by Joel Dobler, Product Applications Engineer and Sam Ringwood, System Platform Applications Engineer of Analog Devces Abstract This article details the design and layout challenges associated with the electronic design of planar phased arrays and focuses on an RF front end containing…
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Characterization of a new lightweight LoRaWAN GPS bio-logger and deployment on griffon vultures Gyps fulvus Gauld, J., Atkinson, P.W., Silva, J.P. et al. Anim Biotelemetry 11, 17 (2023). Open Access Sii to the sky – how to launch your device at 24 km high! It was a hobby project to…
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Machining and Microwaves by Neil Smith (G4DBN), 17th February 2023 Antenna design engineering is being transformed rapidly by new 3D printing technologies. When Rogers Corporation announced their Radix™ 3D printable material, I made a short video cheekily asking for samples to try. The lovely folk at Rogers responded and offered…
The original announcement did not include a public external link.
6G Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Heinz Mellein, Rohde&Schwarz, 24th April 2023 Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are a hot research topic for 6G, the next generation of wireless communication. Previous wireless communication schemes have treated the radio channel itself as inalterable, and designed the transmission scheme accordingly. However, if Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces…
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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) is one of the most promising candidate technologies for 5G Advanced and 6G wireless communications. Overview presented by Arman SHOJAEIFARD, Chair of the ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG RIS)…
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RIS ZTE Corporation, 12th June 2023 Re-configurable Intelligent metaSurface (RIS) is a cross-border innovation of electromagnetic meta-materials and modern wireless communication technology. The technology uses programmable new sub-wavelength two-dimensional meta-materials to control electromagnetic waves actively and intelligently through digital coding, and realizes controllable reflection and transmission of 5G signals. It…
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An Introduction to 6G Keysight Technologies, 2023, Published in USA, June 13, 2023 Introduction With the deployment of 5G well underway, vendors and service providers can help consumers, industry, and government unleash a multitude of use cases with far-reaching benefits. However, 6G goes much further. 6G technologies will provide unprecedented…
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Facts and Figures 2023 November 2023 by Cosmas Luckyson Zavazava, Director of the ITU Telecommunication Development Bureau I am pleased to present you the 2023 edition of Facts and Figures, ITU’s independent, meticulously researched, and timely snapshot of the state of digital connectivity around the world. The Facts and Figures…
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Dear Students, Please be politely reminded of the submission deadline for your simulation assignments. Any submission received after 22.00 CET (UTC+1) on Friday, 12th January 2024 will be considered late and may not therefore be assessed. This means that 50% of your overall course grade could be set to 0%…
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A Radio Spectrum Update on the Eve of the World Radiocommunications Conference (WRC)-2023 IEEE CT, Miguel Dajer and Timothy Jeffries 17th November 2023 Spectrum is always a magical subject that most electromagnetic engineers have a hard time explaining to mere mortals. In the words of Heinrich Hertz who in 1890…
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5G Non-Terrestrial Networks Take Flight With New Radio and IoT Applications Reiner Stuhlfauth Rohde & Schwarz, Munich, Germany Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) present a plethora of connection possibilities in emerging 5G networks. These connectivity solutions range from satellite-based communications via airborne stations to scenarios that consider air-to-ground communications and uncrewed aerial…
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The concept of the Envelope signal in SystemVue This video includes an explanation of the Envelope signal concept in SystemVue and how it speeds up the analysis of high frequency signals. It also includes a technique for treating an Envelope signal as a normal waveform so that you can use…
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An RFIC Power amplifier (PA) based on GaS or GaAn technologies can be hard to design, so too can added CMOS or SiC technologies increase difficulty. Working with RFIC power amplifiers is difficult for the myriad of concurrent design elements that they affect, transmission line voltage, signal interference, and impedance…
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Without power amplifiers, many of the power electronics we use daily would not be possible. These amplifier circuits are responsible for amplifying wireless signals and other analog signals to a useful level, making them invaluable in many applications. When it comes to ensuring signal integrity of frequency-modulated signals, what can…
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26. Oktober 2023 Neue Möglichkeiten dank einer Hightech-Sachspende: Die Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften der TH Rosenheim hat für das Labor Digitale Signalverarbeitung und Nachrichtenübertragung einen leistungsstarken Transceiver erhalten. Dieser wurde der Hochschule vom US-amerikanischen Messgeräte-Hersteller Keysight Technologies zur Verfügung gestellt. Mit dem Transceiver wird die Forschung und Lehre im Bereich Kommunikationstechnik…
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Introducing 3GPP The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) unites seven telecommunications standard development organizations (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TSDSI, TTA, TTC), known as “Organizational Partners”, providing their members with a stable environment to produce the Reports and Specifications that define 3GPP technologies. 3GPP specifications cover cellular telecommunications technologies, including radio…
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Sendezentrum Kall Krekel - Radio Mi Amigo International See the beating heart of Radio Mi Amigo's 6085 shortwave transmissions, originating from Kall-Krekel in the German Eifel. Paul Newman interviews owner and broadcast engineer Burkhard, who is giving us the full tour through his unique underground Sendezentrum, in a post-war bunker…
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Cellphones will increasingly text via satellite Luca Laursen IEEE Spectrum Magazine, January 2023 In 2023, you or someone you know will be able to send a text message through space. Late in 2022, hardware behemoths Huawei and Apple released cellular telephones capable of texting on traditional satellite-communications networks. A pair…
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A few facts about SMS through the ages Happy birthday, SMS! This famous channel celebrates its 30th birthday on December 3rd, 2022. From messages between individuals to SMS Marketing, the channel reigns supreme in the world of telecommunications. Let's look at some fun statistics and details you might not know…
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Understanding atmospheric propagation has always been a key factor in design of wireless transmission systems. The transmission loss that is incurred as we move to higher frequencies is the mainly the atmospheric attenuation loss. This occurs due to particles in the atmosphere that absorb, reflect, or scatter the radiated energy…
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Terahertz (THz) communications is one of the candidates for the next generation of mobile networks which promises to deliver data rates up to 1 Tbit/s. The propagation of the electromagnetic waves at these frequencies is currently investigated by research organizations and commercial R&D teams around the world. In this video…
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Radiowave propagation from a half-wave dipole The fundamental theory of electromagnetic radiation from a half-wave dipole is explained in the following presentation through the use of animations. Although the video may seem to be somewhat antiquated--after all it was produced in 1959--it clearly and precisely explains the following concepts: current…
The original announcement did not include a public external link.
Fraunhofer IIS The 5G Bavaria automotive test bed provides the infrastructure for testing the latest 5G functionalities in real traffic environments. With the properties it offers, the 5G mobile communications standard is the ideal basis for connecting vehicles and traffic infrastructure, where flexible and fast, real-time-capable data transmission is key…
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Eye diagrams are a key electrical measurement in high-speed signaling environments that can be useful when evaluating, designing and debugging a communication system. Here are links to two videos that teach the fundamental elements of eye diagrams, the anatomy of an eye diagram, the measurements that can made from an…
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This 12-minute YouTube video from Rohde & Schwarz provides a general technical introduction to the concept of third order intercept and how third order intercept measurements are made using a spectrum analyzer or network analyzer…
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OFDM/ OFDMA in 4G and 5G Part 1 This video shows how some of the complexities of the wireless channel are overcome, explains why wideband single-channel systems are inefficient for transmission and how the effect of delay spread can be reduced by dividing a single channel with wide bandwidth into…
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In this video you'll see how STK from AGI, an Ansys Company and PathWave System Design from Keysight can help you through all stages of your mission planning and design. Dynamic scenario modelling and high-fidelity communications and radar system design come together to bring you the most realistic way to…
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Overview In this webinar, you will learn about new capabilities in MATLAB for modelling RF propagation channels and scenarios. You will learn how easy it is in MATLAB, to visualize wireless scenarios and model indoor, outdoor and satellite RF propagation performance. You will also learn about new spatial channel modelling…
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In this video, Professor David S. Ricketts presents module 18 of his Radio System Design Virtual Course and explains alternative image rejection receivers including the Hartley image reject mixer. https://youtu.be/v9C76WgMO4s For more modules and videos, follow the YouTube channel and also see https://www.ricketts.lab…
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Keysight Technologies is invested in making your hybrid learning more effective. Check out this series of labs that uses PathWave System Design (SystemVue) to teach concepts typically done on hardware in a signals course. Interested in teaching the basics of waveforms or modulation techniques without using measurement hardware? Keysight developed…
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In 2018, the [Indian] Department of Telecommunications (DoT) funded a large-scale 5G test bed project with the purpose of encouraging Indian startups and industry to take an early lead in 5G. The goal of the project is to build a test bed that closely resembles a real-world 5G deployment. This…
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The video shows a downlink 5G NR implementation using the OpenAirInterface stack software and two USRP x310 software defined radios--one acting as gNB, the other as UE. Different constellations (4-QAM, 16-QAM and 64-QAM) are shown, with different coding schemes supported by the standard. YouTube video (3 mins.): The video was…
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In December 2017, 3GPP officially released its first set of Release 15 specifications describing the physical layer for the 5G New Radio (NR) technology. Final specifications on the 5G NR protocol stack were completed in March 2018 with Abstract Syntax Notification One (ASN.1). Initial 5G NR deployments have focussed on…
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In the following training video, Erik Dahlman presents an introduction to the 5G radio access technology known as "NR" (which stands for new radio). Erik Dahlman works at Ericsson Research where he has been deeply involved in 4G and 5G development and standardization since the early days of 3G research…
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The Smith chart is one of the most important tools in understanding RF impedance and matching networks. This brief tutorial from Rohde&Schwarz explains what the Smith chart is and how it can be used to represent complex impedances. YouTube video (10 mins.)…
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Introduction Energy consumption is a major contributor to network operating expenditure (OPEX) and also has an impact on CO2 emissions. In developing economies, almost a quarter of new cell sites will be beyond the power grid. The implementation of renewable energy and more energy-efficient equipment can bring significant benefits by…
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5G-VINNI (5G Verticals Innovation Infrastructure) Build an open large scale 5G End-to-End facility that can: demonstrate that key 5G network KPIs can be met be validated, accessed and used by vertical industries to test use cases and validate 5G KPIs. Duration: 1.July 2018 –1.July 2021 Consortium: 23 partners (operators, vendors…
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What happens with an internet connection via LTE/4G on board of a jet plane flying 700km/h? YouTube video (3 mins): Ericsson's tests reveal that 4G is robust enough to handle extreme situations. 4G is the fastest developing system in the history of mobile communication. Today's LTE networks are capable of…
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In this video, a dual-band (1710 - 2170 MHz, 698 - 894 MHz) basestation antenna is opened and the concept of downtilt is explained. YouTube video (3 mins.)…
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The video (link below) was produced in response to a pitch made by MrMobile to AT&T in the Spring of 2016. To make this video possible, AT&T provided access to two cell sites and several network engineering personnel. AT&T also reviewed MrMobile's final script for technical accuracy, but no editorial…
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Loon (an Alphabet company) is extending Internet access around the world through the creation of a new layer of connectivity in the stratosphere. Loon Software-Defined Network (SDN) is the world’s first autonomous, production SDN platform designed specifically for aerospace networks. By combining orbit propagation together with detailed channel modelling, Loon…
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In this video, M0DQW provides instructions on how to access and operate different types of software-defined radios that are connected to the Internet…
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Did you know that astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) send pictures from space to ground over amateur radio that you yourself can get at home using your computer? This video provides instructions of to receive slow-scan television (SSTV) images from the ISS using a software-defined radio (SDR) connected…
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RF Transceiver Design and Antenna Integration Giorgia Zucchelli, MathWorks Overview Throughput requirements for emerging communication systems, radar, and smart location services require high performance and low-cost RF transceivers. For these new broadband systems, transceivers are fully integrated from the baseband digital circuitry through to the antenna array elements. To properly…
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The Rebirth of HF This webinar explains why the "lost art" of HF is not only still relevant, but has been making a comeback in recent years, particularly in the area of both local and global communications. A central topic of this presentation is why much of the rebirth of…
The original announcement did not include a public external link.